| Review: |
In recent years minimally invasive spinal surgery, while aiming to achieve the same goals as standard open surgery, has minimized the associated morbidity and recovery times, reducing scarring and costs. These minimally invasive techniques required more learning time, but as instruments and access systems continue to improve, they are moving towards a level that a general spine surgeon could easily learn and use expeditiously to achieve good results. The authors (respected orthopaedic surgeons from US hospitals) provide a comprehensive source of techniques, describing a wide range of currently used minimally invasive techniques. The chapters are divided into sections according to their treatment goal: decompression; stabilization and fusion; percutaneous pain relieving procedures; and non-fusion/motion sparing techniques. As well as describing the techniques, the authors discuss indications, imaging, setup, complications, and clinical outcomes for each procedure. |